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With the midterm elections around the corner, lawmakers Wednesday warned in stark terms of the dire need to harden U.S. election system against attacks from foreign adversaries, saying that, even after Russia’s brazen attempt to influence the 2016 presidential election, the country is still woefully unprepared.
“If we start to fix this system tomorrow, we still might not be in time,” chair of the Senate Intelligence Committee, Richard Burr of North Carolina, warned about the midterm elections, which could affect the balance of power in Washington.
Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images“The threat is real, the need to act is urgent,” vice chairman Mark Warner, a Virginia Democrat, agreed. “We need the administration to accelerate its efforts. Perhaps most of all, we need a president who will acknowledge the gravity of this threat. The fact that the president did not even bring up the topic of our election security when he called Vladimir Putin to congratulate him on his ‘victory’ in a pre-cooked election, is extremely troubling.”
Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen said that now that the Russian threat is known, more bad actors will seek to get in on the act, warning, “It’s not just Russia. We think the threat remains high. We think vigilance is needed.”
Nielsen noted that vulnerabilities exist through the entire election system — from the registration of voters through the validations of votes and the certification of voting when all is said and done.
Sen. Angus King, I-Maine, urged Nielsen to “go back with your hair on fire” and consider creating “a red team in DHS – a group of really serious hackers and hack some of these states. I don’t think they’ll believe it until you show them,” saying “this country has to wake up.”
The secretary said she would consider the suggestion.
National elections are decided by a small number of votes in just a few precincts, former DHS Secretary Jeh Johnson said, adding, “The outcome may dance on the head of a pin” and that “writers for a ‘House of Cards’ can figure that out, so can others.”
Johnson defended the Obama administration response to cyber attacks ahead of the 2016 election, saying officials were “beating the drum pretty hard.” But he also admitted, “as we look back – and have a much fuller picture of what the Russians were doing — there could’ve been additional steps made.”
But Republican Sen. Susan Collins of Maine said the warnings, particularly in August 2016, were too technical in nature and did not reach the right people.
A visibly frustrated Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., said the Obama administration failed to sufficiently warn the public that the American voting system was being targeted. She said she and a small handful of Congressional leaders had been warned of the specifics in a classified setting but were sworn to secrecy.
Johnson said their warnings were overshadowed by other campaign news, saying they sounded the alarm just before the infamous “Access Hollywood” tape was made public.
“I don’t believe that it got the attention that it deserved. Because the public and the press were focused on other things about the campaign at the time,” Johnson said.
For her part, Nielsen said even now states are reluctant to publicize potential attacks for fear of undermining public trust.
“America was the victim…America was attacked,” Feinstein shot back. “I think states have to know that it’s going to be known by the public.”
Nielsen tried to allay Feinstein’s concerns by saying DHS was developing “a baseline” that will be “very transparent” laying out states that are not complying with federal recommendations.”
But Feinstein was not having it. “I’m through with this,” the senator said, indicating she was prepared to out states that do not make attacks known to the American public.
The committee has recommended that state election officials receive security clearances that will enable them to be briefed by federal officials on sensitive information.
Nielsen said DHS intended to issue clearances to three election officials per state, but – to date – only 20 of 150 had gotten such clearances, though, she added, “If we have intelligence, we will read appropriate state officials that day, not waiting for clearances.”
Several senators also pushed for all states to have a backup paper ballot system, so an auditable trail is left in the event of a system failure or breach.
Sen. Warner warned, “Someone needs to highlight those states and localities who choose not to move to a paper trail…I believe the public has a right to know…if their state or communities are basically ignoring the problem.”
A recent report by the Center for American Progress, a liberal group, found 14 states use paperless electronic voting machines in at least some jurisdictions with five states relying exclusively on these machines which produce no paper trail.
As Congress grapples with what to do next, members made clear they want the administration to release a cyber-retaliation doctrine focusing on offensive measures and deterrence, with a number of members decrying the fact that the administration did not already have one in place.
Nielsen said she would go to her colleagues and to the president and “sit down” to discuss the matter.
The committee, Burr said, expects to release a full election security report to the public by week’s end, closing the book on one of four parts of their investigation into Russian meddling in the 2016 election and possible collusion between the Kremlin and the Trump campaign.
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