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The strikes hit three sites — one in Damascus and two in Homs — which President Donald Trump said were “associated with the chemical weapon capabilities of Syrian dictator Bashar al-Assad.”
The action followed a week of threats of retaliation for a suspected chemical weapons attack on civilians in Douma, outside Damascus, where Syrian forces have long been battling rebels.
Russian President Vladimir Putin called the missile strikes an “act of aggression against a sovereign state” and said they were against the UN charter.
Russia, a key ally of the Assad government, is calling for an immediate UN Security Council meeting to discuss the “aggressive actions” of the United States and its allies, he said.
Assad said the airstrikes would “only increase the determination of Syria and its people to continue fighting and crushing terrorism in every inch of the country,” according to Syrian state TV.
Latest developments
• Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said the United States and its allies had committed a “major crime” in Syria.
• The European Union foreign policy chief said the EU supported efforts to prevent the use of chemical weapons.
• UK Prime Minister Theresa May said the military action was believed to have been successful.
• Syria’s Foreign Ministry condemned the airstrikes as a “flagrant violation of the international law.”
• Three civilians were wounded in Homs after “several” missiles were intercepted by Syrian air defense systems, Syrian state TV said.
The Syrian Foreign Ministry called on the international community “to strongly condemn this aggression,” warning it would “pose a threat to international peace and security as a whole,” in a statement published by the state-run Syrian Arab News Agency.
Earlier, Assad’s office tweeted a video of the Syrian President going to work Saturday, with the caption “a morning of steadfastness.”
Danny Makki, a British-born Syrian journalist in Damascus, told CNN the strikes woke up his neighborhood near the capital. “You could tell straight away that this wasn’t your average Damascus night-time battle. It was something far bigger,” he said.
Syrians expressed doubt the military action would change anything.
“Frankly I expected a stronger strike, especially with the blasts that I heard. At least I am glad the strikes didn’t attack civilian areas,” said Yasser, 28, a Damascus teacher whose last name was not used for security reasons.
“I think this strike is a strong message to Assad for the chemical weapons, but I don’t think Assad will change.”
Firas Abdullah, a media activist recently evacuated from Ghouta, said, “It is not enough. I can describe it as — it’s just a media strike.”
In a televised address Friday night announcing the strikes, Trump said he had decided to take action because last weekend’s action by Assad “was a significant attack against his own people” and “not the actions of a man, they are crimes of a monster instead.”
Trump said the purpose of the campaign was to “establish a strong deterrent against the production, spread and use of chemical weapons.”
Gen. Joseph Dunford, chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff, told reporters at a Pentagon briefing that the first allied strike targeted a scientific research center in greater Damascus involved in the development and production of chemical weapons.
The second site targeted was a chemical weapons storage facility west of Homs, while the third was a chemical equipment storage facility and important command post.
Two defense officials told CNN that at least three US ships participated in the airstrikes.
The strikes — the strongest concerted action yet by Western forces in Syria — were launched at 9 p.m. ET Friday, as most of Europe and the Middle East was shrouded in darkness.
The Syrian armed forces said in a statement that 110 missiles were fired on Syrian targets and that the country’s defense systems “intercepted most of the missiles, but some hit targets including the Research Center in Barzeh.”
Russian state news agency TASS reported that none of the missiles fired by the three Western nations struck areas near its naval and air bases in Syria. Those bases come under the protection of Russian air defense units.
A meeting of the North Atlantic Council will be held Saturday afternoon, a NATO official told CNN. France, the United Kingdom and the United States will brief allies on actions taken in Syria, the official said.
UK’s May: ‘Not about regime change’
In a televised statement Saturday, May said UK forces had undertaken a “limited and targeted strike” and that there had been “no practicable alternative to the use of force to degrade and deter the use of chemical weapons by the Syrian regime.”
While a full assessment has not yet been completed, “we believe that the action was successful,” she said. “This was not about interfering in a civil war. And it was not about regime change.”
While insisting the military action was a direct consequence of the suspected chemical weapons attack in Douma, May also alluded to the use of a nerve agent last month in the English city of Salisbury. “We cannot allow the use of chemical weapons to become normalized — within Syria, on the streets of the UK, or anywhere else in our world,” she said. Britain says Russia is behind the Salisbury poisoning of a former Russian spy and his daughter, an allegation Moscow denies.
French Foreign Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian said: “This action is a proportionate and targeted one. It is not trying to target Assad’s allies nor the civilian population but to dissuade the Syrian regime from pursuing its criminal deeds.”
Experts from the international chemical weapons watchdog, the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, were en route to the site in Douma before the joint military strikes. The group said Saturday it would continue on to Syria as planned.
Russia’s Ministry of Defense said it believed the Western allies’ action was not in retaliation for what happened in Douma but instead was a reaction to the Syrian army’s “success” in liberating territory from rebels.
Iran, another key ally of the Assad government, also condemned the strikes. “I firmly declare that the Presidents of US and France and British PM committed a major crime,” Khamenei tweeted. “They will gain no benefit; just as they did not while in Iraq, Syria & Afghanistan, over the past years, committing the same criminal acts.”
Syrian state TV reported that Assad received a phone call Saturday from Iranian President Hassan Rouhani in which he said Iran would continue to stand by Syria.
International response
Turkey, another important player in the Syrian conflict, said it viewed the airstrikes as “an appropriate response” to the Douma attack.
“We welcome this operation which has eased humanity’s conscience in the face of the attack in Douma, largely suspected to have been carried out by the regime,” Turkey’s Foreign Ministry said.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel said all available evidence pointed to the Assad regime being responsible for the Douma attack and criticized Russia for blocking an independent investigation through the Security Council.
“The military operation was necessary and appropriate to preserve the effectiveness of the international ban on the use of chemical weapons and to warn the Syrian regime of further violations,” Merkel said in a statement voicing support for the joint US, UK and French action.
“Syria continues to engage in and provide a base for murderous actions, including those of Iran, that put its territory, its forces and its leadership at risk,” the Israeli official said.
A spokesman for Jordan’s government said a political solution was the only way “to ensure Syria’s stability, territorial integrity and the security of its people.”
Australia’s defense minister issued a statement in support of the strikes, calling them “a calibrated, proportionate and targeted response.”
CNN’s Mohammed Tawfeeq, Ryan Browne, Sara Mazloumsaki, Saskya Vandoorne, Frederik Pleitgen, Milena Veselinovic, Nathan Hodge, Tamara Qiblawi and Gul Tuysuz contributed to this report.
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